In Many Biological Structures Proteins Are Simply

The Trap Does Not Work Until All The Parts Were There. The System Itself Doesn't Work Until You Fit All Of Them Together.

In The Abstract, It Might Be Tempting To Imagine That Irreducible Complexity Simply Requires Multiple Simultaneous Mutations - That Evolution Might Be Far Chancier Than We Thought, But Still Possible. Such An Appeal To Brute Luck Can Never Be Refuted... Luck Is Metaphysical Speculation; Scientific Explanations Invoke Causes.

A Man From A Primitive Culture Who Sees An Automobile Might Guess That It Was Powered By The Wind Or By An Antelope Hidden Under The Car, But When He Opens Up The Hood And Sees The Engine He Immediately Realizes That It Was Designed.

If You Take Away A Rock From A Pile Of Rocks You Haven't Changed Much. It's Still A Heap Of Rocks - Just A Rock Or Two Smaller. Take Away A Component From The Mousetrap And It Isn't A Mousetrap Any More.

The Theory Of Undirected Evolution Is Already Dead, But The Work Of Science Continues.